Cruesa, his first wife, is lost at Troy Essay Example for Free

Cruesa, his first wife, is lost at Troy Essay To analyse the character of Aeneas in comparison to the character of Odysseus we must first recognise that they have both been sent away from home, Aeneas by force after the sack of Troy and Odysseus to fight from the Greek side. To analyse them as leaders and good men we must look at their feats and their strengths as well as recognising their flaws as people and warriors. Both characters are extremely respected as heroes. Virgil presents us with the man that founded the greatest empire of all, the Roman Empire. Odysseus had the idea of the Trojan horse, without which the Greeks would not have won the war. Both are primarily good men who serve their countries well. I found though, that they do this in two very different ways. Odysseus nostos and Aeneas search for a new home. Scholars continue to disagree on whether or not Aeneas is presented as a good soldier, although the question itself is certainly far from black and white, complicated by the culturally relative nature of terms such as conflictand courage, as well as by the rather oblique definition that good itself holds. Odysseus respectively. I will argue that Aeneas meets the criteria set by neither model and that, ultimately, he is an emotionally unstable, morally dubious and even an incompetent military leader. However, the very fact that he is the protagonist needs to be stressed: his character is necessarily sympathetic, dynamic and intricate. My intention is not to assert that Aeneas is a villain or a coward; he is quite obviously neither of these things and such an interpretation of the Aeneid, a text rich and ambiguous in meaning, would be nothing short of reductive. And in this way he must, and does, have some positive, somewhat redeeming features. Virgil created in Aeneas a new type of Stoic hero, a point that is perhaps most evident in Book Four when Aeneas leaves Carthage. His speech to Dido is indicative of his determination to suffer both silently, Aeneas did not move his eyes and struggled to fight down the anguish in his heart. , (Book 4) and willing, Do not go on causing distress to yourself and to me by these complaints. It is not by my own will that I still search for Italy. (Book 4) Emotional restraint and acquiescence in regard to ones own fortunes and torment is intrinsic to a Roman conception of a role model and leader. Equally, the presentation of Aeneas in Book Four can be seen to parallel that of Odysseus in Book Nineteen of the Odyssey, where the reader is told that, in spite of his wifes tears, the heros eyes were steady. Aeneas, then, does conform to both the Roman and Homeric paradigms in his ability to endure the sufferings that Fate has allotted him. And yet his chief characteristic is not his endurance, as is the case with Odysseus, but rather his pietas, a quality essential for a Roman warrior. Time and time again in the Aeneid he is referred to as pious Aeneas, famous for his devotion(Book 6), so the Sibyl states. This devotion is threefold in that it is not only religious and extends to both his family and to his duty as Father of Rome. The latter of these has already been demonstrated by his separation from Dido, in which he subordinates his personal wishes in order to fulfil his destiny, while one can see the first two aspects of this pietas at work quite clearly in Book Five, in which the funeral games, held in honour of the divine father of Aeneas(Book 5), combine a celebration of the familial and of the holy. Like the Father figure that Aeneas, by fate takes on, Odysseus has great affection for his men. When he loses some of his men at Ismarus he tells us how they sailed on with heavy hearts, grieving for the loss of our companions. As well as this, when all the other ships are lost to the Laestragonians, he states, We lay on the beach for two days and nights, utterly exhausted and eating our hearts out with grief. Odysseus risks his life for them. In book 10 when the first half of his men are transformed into pigs by Circe, he goes alone to rescue them. He goes blind into this plan without any forward planning until Hermes helps him. He is so determined to help that he tells an interfering Eurylochus, I shall go. I have absolutely no choice. . He never abandons his men. In Book 9 when his men eat the fruit of the Locus they lose all hope and want for home. Odysseus literally drags them and ties them to benches on the ship so that they cannot escape. In the cave of the Cyclops, after they have blinded the monster, Odysseus ties all of his men to the bellies of rams and they escape leaving him, he is alone and has nobody to tie him on. He does not care because he thinks about his men before he acts as does Aeneas. In this respect they are very similar except Aeneas makes more mistakes than Odysseus does and loses his wife. As a father figure, like Aeneas, Odysseus is very well respected by his men. Near the Cyclops the men divide the goats between the ships. They give nine to all of the ships and ten to Odysseus alone as a sign of their respect for him as their leader. Yet this pietas, as much as it appears to pervade Virgils characterisation of the leader, might be called into question. Aeneas, on frequent occasions, seems reluctant to implement himself and also uncertain as to the rewards it offers. In Book Five the poet externalises Aeneas thoughts as he wonders whether he should forget about his destiny and settle in the fields of Sicily (Book 5), and throughout the first half of the poem he needs to be constantly prompted to continue in his search for his homeland: by his wifes shade in Book Two, his fathers shade in Book Five, and twice by Mercury in Book Four. Mercury wasted no time, So now you are laying foundations for the high towers of Carthage and building a splendid city to please your wife? Have you entirely forgotten your own kingdom and your own destiny? (Book 4). These temptations are presented to Odysseus throughout The Odyssey but he does not give into temptation whereas Aeneas marries Dido, falls in love with her. Odysseus has a very strict work ethic, which clearly shows his devotion to Ithaca. He is offered immortality by Nymph Calypso if he just stayed with her, but instead the first image that the reader is given of him is knelt on a beach crying for his homeland. He is tempted again by the witch Circe. Odysseus has the weakness of enjoying women. He stayed with Circe for one year before his men reminded him of home. He also stayed with Calypso for seven years. Although we must take into though that there were reasons why he had to stay with her. Even through these periods of extreme temptation and immensely beautiful women, Odysseus wants to return home. He is driven by the goddess Athene but she is not the true reason for his passionate longing for Ithaca. Aeneas is different. He no longing to go home, he has no home. He does long for his promised citadel but is also a cell for the gods to create a new Empire. Venus intervention is what points Aeneas towards leaving Dido who he tells, I left you against my will (Book 6). Aeneas seems rather less than devoted to his duty at this moment. He is shown to be quite contented in Carthage and it seems unlikely that he would have left its sweet shores under his own volition. Dido is Aeneas first serious test, and he seems to give way without a struggle (Book 4), and one may see the character here as close to the antithesis of Odysseus who, in his pig-headed determination to return to Ithaca, even rejects Calypsos offer of immortality. Indeed, Aeneas, whose sword was studded with yellow stars of jaspers (Book 4) is a picture of decadence. Nor is devotion to duty the only aspect of his pietas that can be found wanting, and as much as Aeneas appears to be a truly devoted son it should be noted that he repeatedly fails to protect his family. When one considers those personages in the poem that could be seen as intimate with Aeneas it must be realised that virtually none survive. Cruesa, his first wife, is lost at Troy; Dido, debatably his second, commits suicide and Anchises, his father, dies in the port at Drepanum.

The Connotation Of Marketing Marketing Essay

The Connotation Of Marketing Marketing Essay Introduction Nowadays, marketing activities influence people in both the roles as suppliers of products and services and as customers. Marketing plays a great part for companies in knowing their clients, the products and services to offer, the advertising means and so forth. As for individuals, marketing is important for them to choose a particular brand of fashionable dresses and even toothpaste. But marketing is much more than selling or advertising activities. In this essay, the concept of marketing will be introduced in the beginning, and then the essay places an emphasis on the full range of connotation for marketing including marketing strategies, the consumer behavior, environmental analysis, and marketing ethics. Finally, it is concluded that marketing is a comprehensive process that involves all of the activities of managing and satisfying demand through the exchange process. Marketing is a Comprehensive Process As to the definition of marketing, most people, even some entrepreneurs, would hold that marketing mean selling or advertising, however, marketing is an activity more complex than selling or advertising. A proper definition of marketing should not only consider economy, but also includes institutions, people, and new ideas. Marketing is a process of offering products and services, pricing, promotion and distribution to meet the individual and organizational demand through exchanges (AMA, 1985). A company achieves its goals by satisfying both the domestic and foreign customers, and marketing is concerned with the activities to enlarge the market share of the company by matching the demand. This definition indicates that marketing includes not only the enterprises and individuals, but also the activities of non-profitable institutions or the marketing of a great idea or a service as well as a product. All in all, marketing involves products, services, organizations, people and ideas. Marketing Strategies According to McCarthy (1960), marketing strategies include products, pricing, promotion and place. Products or services are the basic content in the marketing process, which can be classified as goods or services and as customer or industrial. Classification is significant because it concentrates on the disparities in the characteristics of products and the different marketing implications. A reasonable pricing also counts in the process of marketing which should be profitable to the company and beneficial to the consumers. In the process of marketing, promotion is necessary to make the products, services or ideas known to the consumers. Means of promotion includes personal selling, advertising and public relations, price discounts and so forth. Distribution planning exerts a significant impact on the marketing program used by a firm, because middlemen can play a wide variety of marketing roles, the firmà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s marketing plan will be different if it sells its products dir ect rather than through intermediaries. Environmental Analysis Environmental influences consist of sociocultural and technological, economic and competitive as well as political and legal influences (Kotler, 2006). Individuals are easily influenced both by the trends of the whole society and by a need to comply with the rules of the different social groups to which they belong, and to improve their status in those groups. With the development of technology, consumers can receive more individually-oriented offerings, and thus their expectations are raised about the quality of the product and service. The flourish of products and services lead to brand changing or offer the consumers with the information to make more meticulous decisions. And regulation and legislation, whether they relate to the product introductions, customer rights or advertising means, also decrease the risk of decision-making. This reduces some pressure of the customer, leading to discerning and easier decisions and less risk of post-purchase disturbance. Marketing Ethics Marketing ethics are the marketerà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s standards of behavior and moral values, as Homburg (2001) maintains. They are related to the decision to do what is morally right or what is morally wrong. Traditionally, the concept of business responsibility has cared about the relationship between the enterprise and consumers, the work staff, and the stockholders. The enterprise is responsible for providing the customers with high-quality product at a rational price, decent salaries and a comfortable working environment for the staff and an adequate profit level for stockholders. Contemporary marketing decisions must regularly consider the external social environment. Decisions must also account for eventual, long-run effects. Socially responsible decisions must consider future generations as well as existing society. Conclusion In conclusion, in the process of marketing, selling or advertising is essential if a company want to attain its objectives, but more emphasis must be placed on the marketing strategies, and it is also of great importance to take environmental influences into consideration, which can exert impact on consumerà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s decision-making. With people concern more about the ecology and healthy ways of consumption, marketers must care about environmentally-friendly marketing despite the high-quality products and services.

Main Sources Of Resistance To Organizational Change Management Essay

Main Sources Of Resistance To Organizational Change Management Essay Change is inevitable for modern organizations and increasing rapidly in the world due to internal and external triggers (Refer to Appendix 1) (Buchanan and Huczynski, 2010). For survival, organizations must be able to anticipate change and keep reconfiguring themselves as it is critical determinant for their success although it has difficulty and challenges. Organizations that wait for an overwhelming mandate to engage in change efforts are very likely to be left behind and may struggle to survive (Lawler and Worley, 2009). For example, Nokia has already been through one successful change; turning itself from an unfocused conglomerate into a focused mobile phone producer in the 1990s. But, lack of accountability, poor leadership and complacency those came from mobile phone success has caused less competitive in the market due to customer transition from mobile phone to smart-phone (Riley, 2012). According to Nauss (1999), Jacques Nasser, Ford Motors CEO also argued that any business that is satisfied with the present state of affairs is deluding itself. Sitting still or moving at a snails pace is effectively moving backward. Organizational change must be based on intention and goal-oriented and come from within the organization to be effective (See Figure 1 and 2) according Cumming and Worley (Hellriegel, Slocum and Woodman, 2001).It also need very careful assessment of individual and organizational capacity for change since they are potential resistance to change. In this report, we will first discuss various causes for resistance to change from those who affected positively or negatively using Arthur Bedeians four common causes for resistance to change, Kotter and Schlesingers six practical techniques to overcome these resistances and Kurt Lewins 3 phase change management model. 2.0 Resistance to Organization Change Buchanan and Huczynski (2010) define resistance to change is unwillingness or an inability to accept or discuss changes that are perceived to be damaging or threatening to individual. Carr et al also claim that its significance can be measured by those affected perceive and react to it (Salawu, 2011). As a result, change efforts are often found resisted by individuals and groups overtly and covertly due to their negative perceptions to some extent. Hellriegel, Slocum and Woodman (2001) suggest a variety of sources of resistance in Figure 3 (Detail in Appendix 2). To overcome resistance to change, managers and employees must understand its reasons and sources. Arthur Bedeian cites four common causes for resistance to change (Buchanan and Huczynski, 2010). 2.1 Parochial self interest Individuals are so comfort and content with their current situation and they fear that any change in organization may threaten their vested interests. It is one of major reason that people resist organizational change. According to Desler (2004), there are 4 types of organizational change: its strategy, technology, structure and employees. Structural change requires reorganizing organizational chart involving replacing, dismissing or adding personnel (Salawu, 2011). When this situation comes, employees fear to lose their existing positions. E.g. Current Burmese government involves liberal and conservative. Reorganization needs for democratic change process. It is good and can improve the status of its people, but most conservatives fear reorganization as they think that it is a threat to their status quo and interests. For these reasons, Burmas change processes encounter resistance longer time than desired and resulted as a poor country. 2.2 Misunderstanding and lack of trust Buchanan and Huczynski (2010) suggest lack of understanding the reasons and consequences can create resistance to change because it might cost them more than what they will gain. Such misunderstandings most likely occur where there is lack of trust between manager and employees. My former Singapore based Japanese construction announced to his managers an implementation of a flexible 5 days work for all site staffs. No managers resisted because they were introduced the concept of that change in management meeting. Shortly after circulating announcement, various resistances arise from site staffs who do not understand and trust the meaning of flexible working days. One rumor is that they might need to work extra hours in the evening. They were not satisfied with management decision at the beginning. According to Kotter and Schlesinger (1997), only few organizations have a high level of trust between employees and managers. So, it is easy to develop misunderstandings when organizational change is introduced. If managers do not clarify them in time, this can lead to resistance. 2.3 Contradictory assessments Another reason people resist to change is evaluation of costs and benefits differently. According to Buchanan and Huczynski (2010), it is the result of poor communication and inadequate information that causes contradictory assessments. But such resistance to change may lead to constructive criticism and improved proposals to achieve better outcomes since people have different perceptions and knowledge. E.g. My previous project director of Construction Company was shocked by his design team members who made value engineering of structural column. Although this value engineering can achieve design requirement while saving cost, he thought that it can damage the companys reputation. So he didnt allow the design proposal submission to owners consultant. He had reorganized the design team immediately that caused resistance from the people involved. As a result, company lost two good designers and crippled the design team. Different people have different skills and knowledge that may lead to resistance. For the above case, design team has more skill and knowledge than director. And resistance resulted from reorganization will be good for companys future. Low tolerance for change Buchanan and Huczynski (2010) suggest that people respond to change and uncertainty in different ways. Some are more readily to accept and adapt to changes. Others may have a low tolerance to adapt to changes since they have different abilities compared to others. Drucker (2010) also argue that the managers are the major obstacle for organizational growth since they are unable to change their attitude and behavior rapidly to meet organizational requirement. It is the result of peoples limited tolerance that lead to oppose potential beneficial changes even they know that it is positive change. E.g. an engineer in my former construction company received a significant promotion due to expansion. New position required new skill set, relationships as well as loss of some satisfactory current situation. It made him uneasy to give up certain aspects of current situation and resist changing since his tolerance for change was low and he did not understand wisely the reason of change. 3.0 Overcoming Resistance Many managers underestimate not only the variety of ways people can react to organizational change, but also the ways they can positively influence specific individuals and groups during change ( Kotter and Schlesinger, 1997, p-454). E.g. Singapore construction industry has been unable to achieve better productivity due to past experience of managers who dont understand advantages and disadvantages of the methods which they are familiar. So, organizational change becomes managements responsibility. And coping resistance resulted from organizational change becomes the haunting question for todays manager because it determine the success or failure of organization (Martin, 1975). Kotter and Schlesinger identify six practical techniques for managing and overcoming resistance (Buchanan and Huczynski, 2010): 3.1 Education and Communication Education is one of most common way that communicates ideas to reconcile opposing views. Kotter and Schlesinger (1979) discuss that this program can be ideal when resistance is based on inadequate or inaccurate information and analysis especially if the initiators need the resistors help in change implementation. Afferson, M. (2010) argue that this program requires face to face communication to discuss sensitive issues since email or written notices are very weak at conveying and developing understanding. E.g. former Philips CEO, Timmer used this program to explain the future of Philips to his employees. As a result, its operating income has increased (Strebel, 1998). Moreover, Buchanan and Huczynski (2010) also highlight requirement of mutual trust to overcome misunderstanding. 3.2 Participation and involvement According to Buchanan and Huczynski (2010), it can reduce opposition and lead to employees wholehearted commitment if the managers who initiate this program address to their concerns. And it will provide employees a sense of belonging to successful implementing of change. E.g. Coch and French (1948) experimented to examine the efficiency and effectiveness of participation to overcome resistance to change involving: introducing by managers to employees, employees representative participation and all employees involvement. Based on their experiment, all employees involvement was the best for overcoming resistance. But Buchanan and Huczynski (2010) also highlighted that it is time consuming and will be useful if employees skill and knowledge has ability to cope the changes. 3.3 Facilitation and support Buchanan and Huczynski (2010) suggest facilitation and support can overcome resistance when it is caused by fear or anxiety. Such approaches include new trainings or simply listening or emotional support. According to Kotter and Schlesinger (1979), one rapidly growing electronics company devised this program for its employees to adapt frequent organizational changes. They employed four counselors to spent most of their time in talking, listening, educating and training to employees. 3.4 Negotiation and agreement It is another way to deal with powerful individuals or groups who create major resistance such as offering incentives to facilitate changes (Buchanan and Huczynski, 2010). But they also alerted that it may become expensive for change and take more time to negotiate. E.g. Former Burmese military general have strong power to resist political reform in Burma. Current government has to negotiate with them to reach an agreement for successful change such as protecting their interests. 3.5 Manipulation and co-optation It involves covert attempts to sidestep potential resistance. Management puts forward proposals that appeal to the specific interests of key stakeholders. This information is selective, emphasizing benefits and playing down disadvantages. Co-optation involves giving key resistors direct access to the decision-making process, perhaps giving them well-paid, high-status management positions (Buchanan and Huczynski, 2010, p-573). E.g. A local manager in my former Japanese Construction Company invited Japanese manager to analyze one missing item in the design. Due to busy schedule, he was unable to do proper analysis. It limited his influence on the analysis. But his commitment was subsequently very important during discussing with Japanese director. Generally, he did not like someone trying to make changes. After discussion with Japanese manager, he did not try to block the change. 3.6 Implicit and explicit coercion Although many researchers advocate supportive approaches to overcome resistances, managers have to deal with resistance coercively such as firing or transferring to facilitate change. Buchanan and Huczynski (2010) discuss such situations as where the target group is profound disagreement, has little chance of shifting their ground, and the speed is essential for survival. But Kotter and Schlesinger (1979) argued that using coercion is risky because people will resent forced change inevitably. 4.0 Conclusion Strong resistance to change may root deeply in some organizations, but change has become inevitable for todays modern organizations in fast changing business environment for survival. In Figure 1, effective change management program should be implemented properly by the managers who understand the firms culture to facilitate the change process while protecting the interests of affected person. In this report, we applied Kotter and Schlesingers approaches to manage change. Since these approaches have their limitation, they may not be likely to be effective under all conditions and circumstances. There are many prescriptive models or approaches for successful change. In reality, appropriate approaches can be implemented based on the primary cause of resistance. So, manager may need to combine various techniques to manage organizational change. Finally, we would like to suggest Kurt Lewins 3 phase change management model: unfreezing, moving and refreezing because present approaches or technology may be unsuitable in future. We can learn from the failure and success of Nokia and Apple. Apple was able to unfreeze the old technology or mind set that are outdated, develop new process and technology to move on from the old ways of doing things to the new and refreeze again when all seem okay. And they start Lewins process again since refreezing stage may be temporary in future (see figure 4) where Nokia didnt.

Apology Essay -- miscellaneous

Apology I apologize for my inappropriate behavior on (what ever date you want here) in the cafeteria. It was very rude for me to laugh while you were speaking, there was no humor in what you had to say. I would also like to apologize to the teachers, I’m very sorry, it will never happen again. My unnecessary behavior as totally unacceptable. This essay taught me to fully respect my teachers, and peers. There is no excuse for why I acted like I did in he cafeteria. I am completely responsible for my own actions. I was in the wrong to laugh while you and the other teachers were speaking. I am completely sorry I learned my lesson and I will never act the way I did towards you and the other teachers ever again. I have decided to write this because I really don’t want to get suspende...

Analysis of Aristotles The Politics Essay -- Aristotle Poetics Politi

An Analysis of Aristotle's The Politics In "The Politics", Aristotle would have us believe that man by nature is a political animal. In other words, Aristotle seems to feel that the most natural thing for men to do is to come together in some form of political association. He then contends that this political association is essential to the pursuit of the good life. Finally he attempts to distinguish what forms of political association are most suitable to the pursuit of this good life. In formulating a critique of "The Politics", we shall first examine his claims as to what is natural to man and whether the criterion of the natural is sufficient to demonstrate virtue. We shall then examine what it is about political association that is essential to the pursuit of the good life. In conclusion, we shall see whether Aristotle's recommended mix of oligarchy and democracy is really suited to the practice of the good life. It seems to me that there is indeed something more natural to man than politics. While it is true that wherever you find men you tend to find political associations, it is also true that not all human associations are political. Aristotle rightly points out the family is a basic form of association that is mostly apolitical. Religion brings people together, as does the economic desire to trade and pursue economic activity. None of these spheres of human activity can be said to necessitate politics. These spheres of human action however, are seemingly found wherever human beings can be found, hence they are more natural in the sense that they automatically arise. Aristotle's account of the formation of the state is pure historical rationalization. He says that the state is natural because it arises out of mor... ...r to preserve virtue in the face of rampant vice than in times where individual virtue abounds in order to maintain stability and justice. The nature of politics is power over material things however, not virtue. Justice and virtue may be the professed functions and goals of politics, but this does not define what politics in fact are. A perplexing question however, is that of how the ideal constitution will be brought about when the virtuous have no interest in bringing it about precisely because virtue is defined by disinterestedness. Works Cited Barnes, Jonathan, ed. The Complete Works of Aristotle. 2 vols. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1984 Lord, Carnes. Aristotle: The Politics. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1984 Nehamas, Alexander. Virtues of Authenticity: Essays on Plato and Aristotle. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999

Religious Allegory in “Lord of the Flies” Essay

In the novel â€Å"Lord of the Flies† we are given an example of what happens when a group of individuals that are proper, well behaved and orderly, are put into an environment where rules and regulations or the ability to enforce them are absent. Although the boys start out with the best of intensions to organize themselves to get off the island, they soon veer off course on to a path of self-survival, disregard for others and finally total savagery. The reasons for this breakdown are varied. Fear, individualism and the lack of impartial rules and their enforcement are some of the main contributing factors to the social breakdown on the island. Early in the novel one of the littl’uns sees an animal and describes it as a beast. This instills fear in everyone. The fear escalates and the boys find themselves neglecting important duties that would help them get rescued. This fear also leads to a further disintegration of the group as they argue over how to deal with this p erceived threat, the beast. â€Å"In a moment the platform was full of arguing, gesticulating shadows. To Ralph, seated, this seemed the breaking up on sanity. Fear, beast, no general agreement that the fire was all important: and when one tried to get the thing straight the argument sheered off, bringing up fresh, unpleasant matter.†(Golding 95). Beyond the fear of this wild perceived beast, the fear grows, and develops into a fear of each other. â€Å"Maybe† he said hesitantly, â€Å"maybe there is a beast†. â€Å"What I mean is†¦maybe it’s only us.†(Golding 96) The growing sense of individualism over community is another factor contributing to the breakdown on the island. Rather then acting for the good of the group, certain individuals such as Jack begin to act for their own pleasure. The island offers a lot of berries and different fruits. But Jack insists on hunting for fun and to fulfill his bloodlust. He did so at the expense of other duties such as maintaining the fire, and building shelters. Where as Ralph is more concerned with keeping everyone safe and eventually getting rescued. Jack only cares about fulfilling his own desires. â€Å"The best thing we can do is get ourselves rescued† Jack had to think for a moment before he could remember what rescue was. â€Å"Rescue? Yes, of course! All the same, I’d like to catch a pig first.†(Golding 54). The same mentality was also adopted by Jacks followers. To them it was more fun to hunt for wild pig then to build shelter or maintain the SOS fire. Another main factor is the lack of rules. This author William Golding chose English school kids because they come from a very  civilized society. Here on the island where there is the absence of law and the enforcement of any laws, certain characters begin to abuse the situation and act less civilized. Jacks illogical need to hunt the pig is an example of this, as is the wild dance that jack and his followers performed to celebrate the killing of the pig. This shows how civility is fading and being replaced by savagery. As I stated before, fear, individualism and the absence of law and order are the primary reason for the social meltdown that takes place on the island. Without a governing body whose main concern is to provide safety for the group as a whole, the possibility of individuals acting out their own selfish desires becomes likelihood.

Baseline Magazine Website Review

Baseline (www. baseline. mag) is an online resource and special interest online magazine for people who are working in IT departments of companies, IT companies, and even mere enthusiasts in the field. As the site describes itself, Baseline is a resource site for information technology, planning, implementation and IT solutions for business.The home page utilizes a three-column, uncluttered layout with a cool-to-the-eyes orange and maroon motif against a white background. Article titles and links, meanwhile, are encoded in blue.The same color scheme is used in all subdirectories although the latter pages are less eye-catching than the main page, usually a simple one-column presentation of text and graphics. The whole home page looks like the usual e-zine but because Baseline is an information-driven site, it does not feature photos and animated graphics to capture the reader’s attention. It focuses on content so that it relies on catchy text presentation in various font sizes to show the readers the level of relevance of a featured article as determined by its editors. I browsed around the site to sample their articles.I read its main headline, â€Å"USEC puts energy into virtualization†, a story about the move of uranium supplier USEC towards server virtualization to optimize its service and offer lower cost. Like most online magazines, Baseline’s articles feature options for the reader to rate, share and download a printable or PDF version of the article. Meanwhile, a Related Content box to the right encouraged me to click on and read more articles. A feature worth mentioning are the eight subject tabs located just below the site banner. Baseline divides the contents of its site into eight categories (Compliance, Intelligence, IT Management, etc.) and I think this is helpful to anyone who would like to read articles on specific categories only. A click on the desired tab generates a list of articles on the category, both new and archived. Another aspect I found interesting was a streaming line of text on top of the page announcing digital events. Furthermore, just when I am ready to conclude that Baseline online magazine is pure boring text, I happen upon news presented in video (a news item about the need for smooth upgrade to Windows Vista, among others) and another one in slideshow format (an article enumerating the 8 ways by which technology has changed sports).Baseline has a printed version. A portion of the homepage shows a cover of its latest issue and the articles inside, which could also be read online. However, even if access to the site is free to readers, the online version obviously earns more for the company judging by the prominent advertisements of well-known IT companies. Some articles are even sponsored or have been produced by an advertiser and not Baseline itself.There are ad boxes, links, texts, and graphics enticing the reader to check out IT-related products or services. There are even Google ad boxes. The site’s major sponsor, IBM, is prominently displayed in an ad box on the home page. Overall, Baseline is a veritable resource for the IT specialist or enthusiast who would like to be updated on the latest on information technology although the site owners specifically aim to reach IT businesses and IT department employees as its articles always tend to relate both IT and business.IT businesses and departments of companies would benefit from reading the articles, keep them updated with the latest trends on the market, and even help them look for their hardware and software system needs for their respective business through the site’s well-known advertisers. The site contains specialized information and has a limited target audience, but Baseline is a complete and very good site for this particular audience group. Reference: Baseline. Electronic magazine. Accessed on May 6, 2009. www. baselinemag. com.